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Updated: Jan 15, 2026

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Historical Land Use Drives Present Microbial Community Assembly in an Extreme Environment.

Kenji Maurice1, Julien Roy2, Hassan Boukcim3

  • 1AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.

Environmental Microbiology
|October 7, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Past agricultural activity boosted desert microbial diversity and adaptation. Long-term disturbances intensified environmental limits, impacting bacterial and fungal communities differently, especially rare taxa.

Keywords:
desertdisturbancemicrobial community assemblymicrobiomerestoration

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Ecology
  • Soil Science

Background:

  • Understanding microbial community assembly after disturbances is crucial, particularly in extreme desert environments.
  • Past disturbances significantly shape present-day microbial composition, but the mechanisms remain unclear.
  • Distinguishing between abundant and rare taxa is key to understanding community dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To disentangle the impacts of past disturbances on present-day bacterial and fungal communities in desert ecosystems.
  • To investigate how different types of disturbances (agricultural vs. long-term) influence microbial phylogenetic diversity and niche width.
  • To differentiate the responses of abundant and rare microbial taxa to historical land use and environmental factors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a phylogenetic framework for diversity partitioning.
  • Linked microbial community data with soil composition analysis.
  • Differentiated between abundant and rare bacterial and fungal taxa.

Main Results:

  • Past agricultural activity led to increased phylogenetic diversity, niche width, and clustering, suggesting transient resource availability.
  • Long-term disturbances decreased phylogenetic diversity and niche width, amplifying selection and turnover due to intensified abiotic constraints.
  • Rare taxa exhibited higher sensitivity to land use and deterministic processes, while abundant taxa showed greater adaptability and stochastic influences.

Conclusions:

  • Historical disturbances critically shape microbial assembly in desert ecosystems, with agricultural activity promoting diversification and long-term disturbances imposing constraints.
  • Drought-wetting cycles and soil silicon content act as key drivers influencing phylogenetic turnover and differentially shaping bacterial and fungal communities.
  • Insights into the distinct responses of rare and abundant taxa are vital for developing targeted conservation strategies to enhance desert ecosystem resilience and inform restoration practices.