Nucleic acid nanoscale constructs for transformative frontier in theranostics

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Nanomedicine
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) possess intrinsic properties like biocompatibility, programmability, and self-assembly.
• These properties enable the creation of novel nanostructures for biomedical applications.
• Theranostics, combining diagnostics and therapeutics, is a rapidly advancing field.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advancements in DNA and RNA nanostructures for theranostic applications.
• To highlight their potential in personalized medicine.
• To discuss future directions for clinical translation.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis and characterization of DNA and RNA nanostructures.
• Engineering nanostructures for targeted molecular interactions.
• Integration of nanostructures into diagnostic and therapeutic platforms.

Main Results:

• Nucleic acid nanostructures demonstrate precise targeting, enabling selective drug delivery and real-time molecular imaging.
• These structures exhibit minimal systemic side effects.
• Their sequence-specific recognition and conformational adaptability support ultrasensitive diagnostic platforms.

Conclusions:

• Nucleic acid nanostructures are emerging as key intelligent biomaterials for next-generation theranostics.
• Their application in personalized medicine is rapidly growing.
• Further research will facilitate their clinical translation for improved healthcare outcomes.