Migrasomes: A New Role in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Migrasomes, vesicle-like organelles observed during cell migration, have emerged as a significant focus in cell biology. These organelles play a pivotal role in intercellular communication, signal transduction, and tissue development through the release of signalling molecules. Evidence indicates that the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases are closely associated with aberrant cell migration, impaired intercellular communication, and disrupted signalling pathways. Notably, migrasomes can facilitate the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells: they carry metastasis-promoting signals and help form an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Additionally, migrasomes mediate viral spread. Migrasomes derived from macrophages can accelerate the progression of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases by promoting neuroinflammation and neuronal damage. Meanwhile, migrasomes derived from podocytes serve as biomarkers for early kidney injury. Thus, elucidating the role of migrasomes in pathological processes and defining their specific functions holds great promise for developing novel therapeutic strategies for diseases. This review synthesizes current advances in migrasome biology, highlighting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for conditions such as cancer, viral infections, and renal disorders.