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Related Concept Videos

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction01:29

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

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Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...
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Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
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Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
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Risk factors for equine strangulating lipoma colic: An international, case-control study.

Alexandra Gillen1, Diana Hassel2, Sam Gonzalez2

  • 1Philip Leverhulme Equine Hospital, University of Liverpool, Cheshire, UK.

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|October 8, 2025
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Summary

Strangulating lipoma obstruction (SLO) in horses is often fatal. This study identified increased age, specific breeds, prior laminitis, and more stabling as risk factors, while weight management proved protective.

Keywords:
colicequine metabolic syndromehorselaminitisrisk factorsstrangulating lipoma obstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Equine surgery
  • Veterinary epidemiology
  • Equine internal medicine

Background:

  • Strangulating lipoma obstruction (SLO) is a common cause of small intestinal strangulation in horses, necessitating surgical intervention for survival.
  • Existing knowledge of SLO risk factors is primarily limited to horse signalment, with other contributing factors largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate horse- and management-level risk factors associated with strangulating lipoma obstruction (SLO) in horses.
  • To identify modifiable risk factors for SLO to inform preventative strategies.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, international, multicenter matched case-control study was conducted in the UK and USA.
  • Data from 55 horses with SLO and 167 matched controls were analyzed using conditional logistic regression.
  • Risk factors were assessed including signalment, prior medical history, and management practices.

Main Results:

  • Increased age (OR 1.15) and specific breeds (Pony, Welsh Section D/Cob, American Quarter Horse/Paint/Appaloosa/Arabian) were associated with a higher risk of SLO.
  • A history of laminitis (OR 10.94) and increased stabling (OR 6.79) were significant risk factors for SLO.
  • Management strategies focused on optimal weight and addressing equine metabolic syndrome demonstrated a protective effect (OR 0.19).

Conclusions:

  • This study identified novel, potentially modifiable risk factors for strangulating lipoma obstruction (SLO) in horses.
  • Preventative strategies should consider managing weight and addressing endocrine-related conditions like laminitis to reduce SLO risk.
  • Potential biases include owner selection and recall, highlighting the need for careful interpretation of findings.