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Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Proper Positioning and Restraint of a Rat Hind Limb for Focused High Resolution Imaging of Bone Micro-architecture Using In Vivo Micro-computed Tomography
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High-fat diet, intestinal microecology and bone loss.

Ning Wang1, Xue Tong2, Yi-Kai Li3,4

  • 1School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

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|October 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A high-fat diet (HFD) can lead to bone loss by disrupting gut microecology, impacting bone mineral density (BMD). Rebalancing gut microbiota through diet may help prevent bone disorders.

Keywords:
Bone lossDietary patternsHigh-fat dietIntestinal epitheliumIntestinal immuneIntestinal microbiota

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Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and metabolism
  • Gut microbiome research
  • Dietary impact on health

Background:

  • Bone is crucial for mobility and systemic health.
  • High-fat diets (HFD) are increasingly linked to bone loss.
  • The gut microbiome's role in bone health is an emerging area of study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interconnected mechanisms linking HFD, gut microecology, and bone loss.
  • To elucidate the indirect pathway from HFD to bone loss via gut dysbiosis.
  • To highlight the potential of dietary interventions for bone health.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review consolidating findings on HFD, gut microbiota, and bone.
  • Analysis of mechanisms including bone homeostasis, gut barrier function, and immune responses.
  • Examination of microbial metabolites and their impact on bone signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • HFD negatively affects bone mineral density (BMD) and microarchitecture via adiposity, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
  • HFD induces gut dysbiosis, impairs the epithelial barrier, and dysregulates gut immunity.
  • Gut microecology imbalances exacerbate bone loss through altered metabolites, inflammation, and immune cell trafficking.

Conclusions:

  • HFD contributes to bone loss indirectly through gut microecology alterations.
  • While the indirect pathway needs further validation, HFD and gut microbiota significantly influence bone regulation.
  • Optimizing diet to restore gut microecology presents a promising strategy for preventing bone disorders.