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  1. Home
  3. Effects Of The Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Velagliflozin On Insulin Concentrations In Horses With Insulin Dysregulation.
  1. Home
  3. Effects Of The Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Velagliflozin On Insulin Concentrations In Horses With Insulin Dysregulation.

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Effects of the Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Velagliflozin on Insulin Concentrations in Horses With

Kristen Thane1, Rebecca Voth2, Rebecca Klee3

  • 1Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, Grafton, Massachusetts, USA.

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|October 9, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) like velagliflozin effectively manage hyperinsulinemia in horses with insulin dysregulation (ID). This study shows velagliflozin significantly lowers insulin levels in affected horses.

Keywords:
endocrinologyequine metabolic syndromeinsulin dysregulationlaminitisoral sugar test

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Equine Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Insulin dysregulation (ID) is a common endocrine disorder in horses.
  • Hyperinsulinemia is a key feature of ID, contributing to laminitis.
  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are emerging as a therapeutic option for ID.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of the SGLT2i velagliflozin in reducing insulin concentrations in horses with ID.
  • To assess the impact of velagliflozin on glucose and triglyceride levels, and body condition score (BCS).

Main Methods:

  • A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted over 20 weeks.
  • Thirty-seven adult horses with confirmed ID received either placebo or velagliflozin (0.3 mg/kg PO q24h).
  • Measurements included resting insulin, glucose, triglycerides, and BCS, analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test and generalized linear mixed effects models (GLMM).

    • Main Results:

    • Velagliflozin significantly reduced insulin concentrations compared to placebo (p < 0.0001).
    • A transient increase in triglyceride levels was observed, with no clinical abnormalities.
    • Horses treated with velagliflozin experienced a greater decrease in BCS compared to the placebo group (p = 0.02).

    Conclusions:

    • Velagliflozin demonstrates significant efficacy in decreasing resting insulin concentrations in horses with ID.
    • Further research may explore long-term effects and optimal use of SGLT2i in equine metabolic health.