Social media insights on the introduction of RSV immunoprophylaxis in Italy

The introduction of new immunoprophylaxis strategies against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), such as maternal vaccination and the administration of monoclonal antibodies to newborns, presents both opportunities and challenges in terms of public understanding and acceptance. Monitoring online discussions can offer timely insights into perceptions of these interventions. We conducted a social media monitoring activity in Italy from September 2024 to January 2025, using the Pulsar platform to analyze posts on X and Facebook, complemented by manual analysis of comments on Instagram and TikTok. We examined content related to RSV prevention, focusing on stance, recurring narratives, and specific questions or doubts. Most content showed a neutral or supportive stance toward RSV immunoprophylaxis, with many users expressing awareness of RSV risk and interest in accessing the monoclonal antibody. However, recurring information needs emerged around eligibility, access, safety, and the distinction between different prevention options. Criticism toward the government was also observed, linked to initial decisions that limited free provision of the antibody to certain regions, later reversed, which left perceptions of inequality. Only a limited proportion of posts contained clear misinformation or disinformation. These results were consistent with recent surveys in other countries showing high parental acceptance of similar interventions. These findings underscore the need to address specific information gaps and ensure clear, consistent communication to support trust in RSV immunoprophylaxis. Proactive efforts will be important to reinforce the generally positive attitudes observed and to mitigate concerns that could affect the acceptance of new preventive measures.