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Graphene-based magnetic covalent organic frameworks and deep eutectic solvent functionalized adsorbents for
Nurul Imanina Zameran1, Noorashikin Md Saleh1, Nur Hidayatul Nazirah1
1Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Graphene-based magnetic covalent organic frameworks (MCOFs) offer efficient removal of hazardous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) further enhance MCOF performance for sustainable environmental remediation.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Materials Science
- Green Chemistry
Background:
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent, carcinogenic pollutants with significant environmental and health risks.
- Conventional PAH removal methods are often costly, inefficient, and can generate secondary contaminants.
- Graphene-based magnetic covalent organic frameworks (MCOFs) present a promising alternative due to their high surface area, tunable properties, and magnetic separability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the synthesis and application of graphene-based MCOFs for enhanced polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) adsorption.
- To explore the use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a green strategy for optimizing MCOF adsorbent performance.
- To highlight the potential of these advanced materials for sustainable, large-scale environmental remediation.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review on graphene-based MCOFs and DES functionalization for PAH adsorption.
- Analysis of adsorption mechanisms, including π-π interactions and hydrophobic effects.
- Evaluation of environmental applications and alignment with green chemistry principles and Sustainable Development Goals.
Main Results:
- Graphene-based MCOFs demonstrate superior efficiency in PAH removal compared to conventional methods.
- Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) effectively reduce synthesis temperature, shorten reaction times, and eliminate hazardous organic solvents.
- Functionalized MCOFs exhibit enhanced adsorbent stability and adsorption capacity for PAHs.
Conclusions:
- Graphene-based MCOFs modified with DESs represent next-generation sustainable materials for efficient PAH remediation.
- These advancements support green chemistry principles and contribute to Sustainable Development Goals related to clean water, energy, and ecosystem protection.
- The integrated approach offers a pathway for large-scale, environmentally benign removal of hazardous organic pollutants.
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