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Epidemiological Insights into Diabetes, Hypertension, and Heart Disease: Evidence from a Publicly Available Health
Nour Obeidat1, Malek Zihlif2, Maher Obeidat1
1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan.
Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a growing global health problem which is often associated with comorbidity hypertension and heart-related issues. Gender-specific patterns in these associations remain underexplored, especially in Middle Eastern populations.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to analyze the association of gender with the odds of hypertension and heart disease among diabetic and non-diabetic individuals.
Methods:
A national health dataset was used for a cross-sectional analysis. Participants were stratified by diabetes status. We used chi-square tests to determine if gender affects the presence of hypertension and heart disease in each group.
Results:
Non-diabetics showed slightly higher prevalence of hypertension among males (6.2%) than females (5.7%) (p=0.001) and significantly higher prevalence of heart disease among males (4.4%) than (1.9%) (p<0.001). In the case of participants with diabetes, females had a slightly higher rate of hypertension (25.1% versus 24.0%) but a lower rate of heart disease (11.8% versus 18.3%) versus males. All associations were statistically significant.
Conclusion:
Gender plays a major part in hypertension and heart disease among diabetic and non-diabetic people. these results emphasize the importance of gender sensitivity in chronic disease prevention and management.
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