A Case Report of Candidiasis Cellulitis in Long-Term Corticosteroid Use

Fungal infections are a significant global health concern, resulting in over 1.5 million deaths annually. Among these, Candida albicans remains a prominent pathogen responsible for various cutaneous conditions, despite its typical role as a benign commensal organism. This case report details a 54-year-old male patient with a cutaneous abscess attributed to C. albicans, likely exacerbated by prolonged betamethasone injections for respiratory issues stemming from chemical exposure during the Iran-Iraq War. The patient presented with a month-long history of progressive hand swelling and pain, exacerbated despite antibiotic treatment. Clinical examination and imaging revealed a significant fluid collection in the affected wrist, prompting surgical drainage. Subsequent culture confirmed the presence of C. albicans, while blood cultures remained negative, underscoring the localized nature of the infection. This report highlights the opportunistic potential of C. albicans, particularly in immunocompromised individuals, and emphasizes the importance of considering fungal infections in patients with prolonged corticosteroid use. The patient responded favorably to oral fluconazole, with complete resolution of symptoms by follow-up. This case illustrates the need for awareness and prompt identification of fungal infections in at-risk populations, advocating for a more comprehensive approach to patient management in similar clinical scenarios.