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Updated: Jan 15, 2026

Development and Functionalization of Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistor for Biomarker Detection
Published on: February 1, 2022
Anomalous Ion Transport in 2D Graphene Oxide Nanochannels Enabled by Hydration Mimicry with Confined Amino Acids
Muhammed Afnas Vilayatteri1,2, Sally El Meragawi1,2, Eubert Mahofa1,2
1Nanoscale Science and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, 20 Research Way, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
Abstract:
Inspired by biological ion channels, we design graphene oxide (GO) membranes functionalized with aspartic acid to introduce ion-specific binding sites within angstrom-scale confinement. This leads to a notable suppression of monovalent ion mobility, contributing to unexpected selectivity for divalent calcium ions, with Ca2+/Li+ and Ca2+/Na+ selectivities of ∼9.8 and ∼4.8, respectively. With the combination of transition-state theory and molecular dynamics simulations, the complex interplay of hydration energy, spatial confinement, and ion-ligand coordination strength is highlighted, offering a mechanistic basis for designing membranes with nonclassical selectivity profiles.
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