A human pan-disease blood atlas of the circulating proteome

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Genomics
• Systems Biology

Background:

• The human blood proteome offers insights into health and disease.
• A unified proteomics dataset can reveal cross-disease patterns.
• Previous studies often focused on single diseases or limited cohorts.

Purpose of the Study:

• To create a comprehensive, harmonized proteomics dataset for studying diverse diseases.
• To identify protein signatures associated with various health states and demographic factors.
• To establish an online resource for exploring proteomic data and advancing precision medicine.

Main Methods:

• Collected and harmonized proteomic data from 8262 individuals across 59 diseases and healthy controls.
• Analyzed protein concentrations to identify associations with age, sex, body mass index, and disease phenotypes.
• Developed a pan-disease resource for accessible data exploration.

Main Results:

• Identified proteins associated with age, sex, and body mass index.
• Discovered disease-specific protein signatures across the 59 studied conditions.
• Highlighted both shared and distinct protein patterns among different diseases.
• The dataset includes up to 5416 proteins.

Conclusions:

• A unified proteomics approach can uncover significant biological insights across diverse diseases.
• The developed dataset serves as a valuable resource for understanding disease mechanisms and biomarkers.
• This work advances the potential for precision medicine through proteomic analysis.