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Ratiometric fluorescence sensor based on carbon quantum dots for hydrocortisone detection in food samples.

Zhifeng Cai1, Chaoying Yang1, Ziyue Zhang1

  • 1College of Chemistry and Materials, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, PR China.

Food Chemistry
|October 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study developed dual emission carbon quantum dots (D-CQDs) for sensitive hydrocortisone (HYD) detection. The D-CQDs offer a sustainable and accurate method for analyzing HYD in food samples.

Keywords:
Carbon quantum dotsDual emission signalFluorescence determinationHydrocortisone

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Dual emission fluorescence sensors offer self-calibration for accurate analyte detection.
  • Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are versatile nanomaterials with unique optical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct dual emission carbon quantum dots (D-CQDs) using a hydrothermal strategy.
  • To develop a sensitive and selective fluorescence sensor for hydrocortisone (HYD) detection.
  • To assess the platform's applicability in real food samples and evaluate its environmental impact.

Main Methods:

  • Hydrothermal synthesis of D-CQDs from cyanazine and carbamazepine.
  • Characterization of D-CQDs' fluorescence properties (emission peaks at 418 and 441 nm).
  • Development of a fluorescence quenching-based assay for HYD detection.

Main Results:

  • D-CQDs exhibited strong fluorescence, good water-solubility, and photo-stability.
  • The sensor achieved sensitive and selective detection of HYD with a linear range of 0-140 μM and a detection limit of 0.029 μM.
  • Successful determination of HYD in food samples with high recovery rates (93.37-103.87%).

Conclusions:

  • The developed D-CQDs provide a promising platform for sensitive and selective HYD detection.
  • The sensing mechanism is attributed to a static quenching effect (SQE).
  • The platform demonstrates excellent ecological friendliness and sustainability for food analysis.