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Trends and Seasonal Patterns of Intussusception in Japan: A Retrospective Database Study of Weather and Infectious

Yoshiaki Kabata1, Hiroyuki Namba2

  • 1Ophthalmology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Daisan Hospital, Tokyo, JPN.

Cureus
|October 10, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric intussusception procedures in Japan declined, with summer peaks linked to warmer weather and pharyngoconjunctival fever. A 2020 drop may be due to COVID-19, impacting child health trends.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Intussusception is a leading cause of acute abdomen in children, often necessitating surgery.
  • The exact causes of intussusception remain largely unknown.
  • Understanding trends and contributing factors is crucial for pediatric health management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze temporal trends and seasonality of intussusception reduction procedures in Japan.
  • To investigate associations between these procedures and environmental factors like weather.
  • To explore links with pediatric infectious disease outbreaks.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (NDB) from 2014-2022.
  • Collection and statistical analysis of monthly meteorological data and pediatric infectious disease reports.
  • Application of Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Pearson correlation, and partial least squares (PLS) regression for data from 2020-2022.

Main Results:

  • A significant decrease in annual intussusception reduction procedures was observed, from 5,564 in 2014 to 2,342 in 2022, with a sharp decline in 2020.
  • A distinct seasonal pattern emerged, with higher incidence in summer compared to spring and winter.
  • Positive correlations were found between procedure numbers and temperature, relative humidity, and pharyngoconjunctival fever incidence.

Conclusions:

  • Intussusception reduction procedures in Japan show a declining trend, potentially influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.
  • Summer seasonality and links to environmental factors (temperature, humidity) and specific infections (pharyngoconjunctival fever) are significant.
  • Findings support improved strategies for intussusception prevention and early diagnosis in children.

Keywords:
covid-19intussusceptionjapanpharyngoconjunctival feverseasonalityweather

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