Assessing the risk factors and establishing multivariable prediction models for singleton macrosomia

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Neonatal Health
• Maternal Health

Background:

• Fetal macrosomia is associated with adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes.
• Early identification and prevention are crucial for mitigating risks.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate risk factors for fetal macrosomia.
• To establish multivariable prediction models for early identification and management.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective case-control study of 800 singleton pregnant women.
• Categorization into macrosomia (birth weight ≥ 4,000 g) and non-macrosomia groups.
• Development of prediction models for mid-to-late pregnancy and pre-delivery.

Main Results:

• Identified risk factors: maternal height ≥ 165 cm, pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity, excessive second-trimester weight gain, abnormal glucose tolerance test.
• Pre-delivery risk factors: increased maternal abdominal circumference plus fundal length, fetal biparietal diameter, fetal head circumference, and fetal abdominal circumference.
• Prediction models demonstrated strong predictive value.

Conclusions:

• Key high-risk factors for macrosomia identified during the perinatal period.
• Developed prediction model enables early identification of macrosomia.
• Timely interventions based on the model can reduce adverse perinatal outcomes.