Human adenovirus in Taiwan, 2019-2023

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Epidemiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Human adenovirus (HAdV) is a frequent cause of acute respiratory infections.
• HAdV affects both upper and lower respiratory tracts.
• Understanding HAdV epidemiology is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the epidemiological trends of HAdV in Taiwan from 2019 to 2023.
• To identify prevalent HAdV types and their genetic diversity.
• To assess the clinical characteristics and coinfections associated with HAdV.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of HAdV data from Taiwan's National Community Viral Surveillance System (2019-2023).
• Sequencing of 1,565 HAdV isolates to determine species and types.
• Statistical analysis of detection rates, age distribution, and coinfection patterns.

Main Results:

• HAdV detection rate averaged 3.4%, peaking at 6.6% in 2023.
• Six species and 17 HAdV types were identified, with HAdV-B3 and HAdV-C2 being most common.
• 91.9% of infections occurred in children under nine; severe complications and coinfections were noted.

Conclusions:

• HAdV exhibits genetic diversity and co-circulation in Taiwan.
• A significant increase in HAdV detection occurred in 2023, particularly in children.
• Continued molecular epidemiology and clinical surveillance are vital for HAdV prevention and control.