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Four New Compounds From Lactuca indica That Inhibit Nitric Oxide Production.

Do Thi Trang1, Nguyen Thi Ha2, Ngo Anh Bang1

  • 1Institute of Chemistry, VAST, Hanoi, Vietnam.

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|October 10, 2025
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Summary

Lactuca indica L. compounds were investigated for nitric oxide (NO) inhibition. Two compounds, maleimide derivatives, showed potential as anti-inflammatory agents by inhibiting NO production.

Keywords:
AsteraceaeLactuca indicaNO inhibitory activitymaleimide derivativesesquiterpene

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Area of Science:

  • Natural Product Chemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Medicinal Plant Research

Background:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) plays crucial roles in physiological processes but excessive production contributes to inflammation and oxidative stress.
  • Lactuca indica L. is a traditional oriental medicinal plant utilized for treating inflammatory conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and identify active compounds from Lactuca indica L. with nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity.
  • To evaluate the potential of these compounds as therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of four new and six known compounds from Lactuca indica L. extracts.
  • Structural elucidation of new compounds using high-resolution mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy.
  • Assessment of nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity of isolated compounds.

Main Results:

  • Four novel compounds and six known compounds were isolated and characterized.
  • Compounds 2 (a maleimide derivative) and 10 exhibited significant nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 25.3 and 21.4 µM, respectively.
  • The isolated compounds, including sesquiterpenoids and maleimide derivatives, represent diverse major components of L. indica.

Conclusions:

  • Maleimide derivatives isolated from Lactuca indica L. show promise in inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production.
  • These findings suggest that maleimide derivatives can serve as lead compounds for developing novel anti-inflammatory drugs.