Submaximal loading as a feasible alternative to supramaximal loading in accentuated eccentric loading during the...

Area of Science:

• Exercise Physiology
• Sports Science
• Biomechanics

Background:

• Eccentric overload training enhances muscle strength and hypertrophy.
• Accentuated eccentric loading (AEL) involves intentionally increasing the eccentric phase of a lift.
• Comparing different AEL intensities is crucial for optimizing training protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the effects of supramaximal versus submaximal AEL on lower-body function and hypertrophy.
• To evaluate outcomes after a short-term basic strength training block.

Main Methods:

• Twenty-two trained males were divided into supramaximal (120%/70% 1RM) and submaximal (95%/70% 1RM) AEL groups.
• Both groups trained twice weekly for 4 weeks, performing 3 sets of 5 repetitions with eccentric overload.
• Measurements included rectus femoris cross-sectional area (RFCSA), countermovement jump height (CMJH), and 1-repetition maximum (1RM) squat.

Main Results:

• All participants showed significant time-dependent improvements in CMJH, 1RM, and squat failure volume load (SFVL).
• No significant differences were found between supramaximal and submaximal AEL groups for CMJH and 1RM.
• Hypertrophy (RFCSA) showed trivial changes, with no significant differences between groups.

Conclusions:

• Short-term AEL training is effective for enhancing lower-body strength and power.
• Supramaximal and submaximal AEL produce comparable improvements in strength and jump performance.
• Submaximal AEL is a viable and accessible alternative to supramaximal AEL for basic strength development.