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Dual-function TiO2/biochar composites for NH3 capture and decomposition.

Shuang E1, Jiaxing Sun2, Kaiying Wang3

  • 1State Key Laboratory (SKL) of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 99 Zheda Road, Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, 324000, China.

Journal of Environmental Management
|October 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a novel TiO2/biochar composite for ammonia (NH3) removal. The material effectively adsorbs and degrades NH3 using sunlight, offering a stable and reusable solution for air pollution control.

Keywords:
AdsorptionBiocharNH(3)PhotocatalysisTiO(2)

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Ammonia (NH3) is a major air pollutant impacting human and environmental health.
  • Effective removal strategies for atmospheric NH3 are urgently needed.
  • Combining adsorption and photocatalysis offers a promising approach for NH3 remediation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel TiO2/biochar composite for efficient ammonia adsorption and photocatalytic degradation.
  • To investigate the synergistic effects of biochar and TiO2 on NH3 removal.
  • To explore the use of sunlight for environmental remediation of NH3.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of TiO2/biochar composite via hydrothermal carbonization and low-oxygen calcination.
  • Characterization of the composite's physical and chemical properties.
  • Testing NH3 adsorption and photocatalytic degradation performance under simulated sunlight.

Main Results:

  • The TiO2/biochar composite demonstrated significant NH3 adsorption and degradation capabilities.
  • Optimized composite reduced 10 ppm NH3 to 3.73 ppm under UV light.
  • The material exhibited excellent stability, reusability, and daylight applicability.
  • Enhanced porosity, surface area, and Ti-O-C bonds contributed to improved performance.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrothermal carbonization and low-oxygen calcination effectively produced a high-performance NH3 removal material.
  • The composite leverages synergistic effects for superior adsorption and photocatalytic activity.
  • This approach offers a sustainable and efficient method for NH3 remediation using solar energy.