The Association Between Green Tea Intake and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized...

This review is the first to assess the effects of green tea on blood pressure, lipid profile, and glucose in people with metabolic syndrome, highlighting its potential anti-inflammatory and metabolic benefits.

We used Standardized Mean Differences (SMD) and Cohen's d for group comparisons, while heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using the I² statistic, Cochrane Q test, Begg's funnel plot, and Egger's test.

Our results showed that green tea consumption did not significantly affect FBS (SMD: -0.03; 95%; P = 0.95), HbA1C (SMD: 4.87; 95%; P = 0.63), systolic blood pressure (SMD: -0.42; 95%; P = 0.36), diastolic blood pressure (SMD: -0.24; 95%; P = 0.53), total cholesterol (SMD: -0.38; 95%; P = 0.19), TG (SMD: -0.17; 95%; P = 0.34), HDL-C (SMD: -0.07; 95%; P = 0.75), or LDL-C (SMD: -0.45; 95%; P = 0.25). Subgroup analyses showed that short-term green tea intake (<8 weeks) significantly reduced FBS (SMD: -1.62), total cholesterol (SMD: -1.09), TG (SMD: -0.74), and LDL-C (SMD: -0.83). Doses below 3000 mg/day were also linked to lower total cholesterol (SMD: -0.69) and LDL-C (SMD: -0.83). Among women, green tea improved total cholesterol (SMD: -0.79), HDL-C (SMD: 0.50), LDL-C (SMD: -1.25), and systolic blood pressure (SMD: -1.74), despite overall high heterogeneity and publication bias.

Although our results found no significant difference in the measurement factor in patients with MetS. subgroup analyses suggested potential benefits in women, those consuming lower doses (<3000 mg/day), and those with shorter intervention durations (<8 weeks).