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Monocytes at the crossroads of aortic stenosis and myocardial damage

Nervana Issa1, Alexandre Candellier1,2, Cédric Boudot1

  • 1UR UPJV 7517 MP3CV, CURS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Avenue René Laennec, Amiens 80054, France.

Cardiovascular Research
|October 10, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Aortic stenosis (AS) involves inflammation, particularly from monocytes, contributing to valve damage and heart remodeling. Targeting monocytes may offer new treatments for AS and prevent complications after aortic valve replacement (AVR).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Aortic stenosis (AS) is a prevalent heart valve disease causing significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Current treatment for symptomatic AS is aortic valve replacement (AVR), but understanding of its pathophysiology is limited.
  • Inflammation, especially involving monocytes, is increasingly recognized as central to AS progression and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of monocyte involvement in AS pathophysiology.
  • To explore the role of monocytes in valvular and myocardial remodeling in AS.
  • To discuss the potential of monocytes as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in AS and post-AVR.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on monocyte function in AS.
  • Analysis of monocyte subsets in relation to AS progression.
  • Examination of monocyte roles in structural valve deterioration (SVD) post-AVR.

Main Results:

  • Monocytes contribute to fibrocalcific remodeling of the aortic valve leaflets.
  • Monocytes are implicated in myocardial injury during AS progression.
  • Monocytes play a role in SVD after AVR, affecting long-term outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Monocytes are key players in AS pathogenesis, influencing both valve and myocardial remodeling.
  • Monocyte subsets show promise as biomarkers for AS progression and post-AVR prognosis.
  • Targeting monocytes presents a potential therapeutic strategy for AS and related complications.

Keywords:
Aortic stenosisInflammationMonocytes

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