Edentulous patients in Middle-Aged and elderly Chinese population (Nationally representative Data) and their disease...

Edentulism significantly impacts Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults' physical and mental health, yet research on this remains limited. This study aimed to profile edentulous patients and analyze edentulism's disease burden.

Data from 11,142 participants aged ≥ 45 were analyzed. Basic characteristics between edentulous and dentate groups were compared, ArcGIS mapped edentulism's geographical distribution, restricted cubic spline plots identified risk factor inflection points, and relative risk (RR) evaluated combined burdens.

Edentulous and dentate groups differed in demographic characteristics, overall health status, Life behaviors and psychosocial factors, economic status and access to medical resources, and laboratory examinationsfactors.The GIS map shows the high-incidence areas of edentulism. Risk of edentulism surged for those over 67, with BMI < 21.12, income < ¥21,170, or CESD-10 > 12. Heatmaps showed edentulism, combined with other factors, burdened physical diseases, mental disorders, and cancer differently.

Edentulism in Chinese middle-aged and elderly population is multifactorial and associated with increased burden of physical diseases, mental disorders, and potentially elevated cancer risk. To mitigate these risks, targeted strategies are needed, including improving oral health education, expanding access to denture rehabilitation (especially in rural areas), and integrating oral health management into chronic disease prevention policies.