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Elevating adversarial robustness by contrastive multitasking defence in medical image segmentation.

Sneha Shukla1, Puneet Gupta1

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India.

Neural Networks : the Official Journal of the International Neural Network Society
|October 11, 2025
PubMed
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Adversarial attacks threaten Deep Learning (DL) medical image segmentation (MIS) models. Our novel CEASE defense, using contrastive and multitask learning, significantly enhances adversarial resilience in MIS models.

Area of Science:

  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Medical Imaging
  • Computer Vision

Background:

  • Deep Learning (DL) models are crucial for Medical Image Segmentation (MIS).
  • Adversarial attacks degrade DL-based MIS model performance and robustness.
  • Existing defenses are less effective in the medical domain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel defense strategy, CEASE (Contrastive Multitasking Defense), to enhance adversarial resilience in DL-based MIS models.
  • To investigate the efficacy of contrastive and multitask learning for improving robustness against adversarial attacks in medical imaging.

Main Methods:

  • CEASE integrates contrastive learning to ensure similar feature learning for clean, adversarial, and augmented samples.
  • A multitask learning approach is employed to generate generic feature representations and improve robustness.
Keywords:
Adversarial defenceContrastive learningDeep learningMedical image segmentationMultitask modelRobustness

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  • A fusion-based defense consolidates contrastive and multitask learning for optimal adversarial resilience.
  • Main Results:

    • CEASE significantly enhances adversarial resilience in state-of-the-art MIS models.
    • The proposed defense mitigates adversarial attacks, achieving up to 0% attack success rate.
    • CEASE demonstrates modest performance gains while improving robustness.

    Conclusions:

    • CEASE effectively bridges the gap in adversarial defense for medical image segmentation.
    • The integration of contrastive and multitask learning offers a promising direction for robust DL models in healthcare.
    • CEASE provides a robust solution for defending medical image segmentation models against adversarial attacks.