Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 15, 2026

Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol
13:09

Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Published on: April 1, 2018

10.9K

Effect of intelligence quotient discrepancy on attention and executive function in children with attention deficit

Xin Chen1, Liang-Liang Chen1, Jing-Rong Wang1

  • 1Fujian Children's Hospital(Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children's Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Developmental and Behavior Pediatrics Department, Fujian Children's Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China.

Neuroimage
|October 11, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Intelligence quotient discrepancy (IQD) impacts attention and executive function (EF) in children with ADHD. This is linked to abnormal brain activity in the right medial prefrontal cortex, identified using fNIRS.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Child Psychology
  • Developmental Disorders

Background:

  • Intelligence quotient discrepancy (IQD) is linked to neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • The specific impact of IQD on attention and executive function (EF) deficits in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of IQD on attention and EF deficits in children with ADHD.
  • To explore the neurobiological underpinnings of these deficits using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Main Methods:

  • 114 children with ADHD (full-scale IQ ≥ 70) were assessed.
  • Participants were categorized into IQD and NON-IQD groups based on Verbal IQ (VIQ) and Performance IQ (PIQ) discrepancies.
  • Executive function was evaluated using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) scale and fNIRS during a go/no-go task. Attention was measured using SNAP-IV and IVA/CPT scales.

Main Results:

  • Children with ADHD and IQD exhibited significant attention and EF impairments compared to the NON-IQD group.
  • fNIRS data revealed aberrant hemodynamic responses in the right medial prefrontal cortex (RmPFC) in the IQD group during the go/no-go task.
  • These hemodynamic abnormalities correlated with the severity of attention and EF deficits.

Conclusions:

  • IQD is a significant factor contributing to attention and EF impairments in children with ADHD.
  • Abnormalities in the right medial prefrontal cortex (RmPFC) are implicated in the cognitive deficits associated with IQD in this population.
  • fNIRS is a valuable tool for understanding the neurobiological basis of cognitive dysfunction in ADHD.

Keywords:
ADHDEFGo/no-go taskIntelligence quotient discrepancyfNIRS

More Related Videos

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD10:02

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

16.6K
Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging12:21

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

25.7K

Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
758