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Xylan engineering in vascular tissue for biomass valorization.

Thatiane R Mota¹, Igor Cesarino², Dyoni M Oliveira¹

¹Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.

Trends in Plant Science

|October 12, 2025

Summary

Sweet sorghum biomass engineering using vascular tissue-specific xylanase expression enhances lignocellulosic saccharification. This approach improves the efficiency of using renewable feedstocks for biofuel and biochemical production, boosting the bioeconomy.

Keywords:

bioeconomy digestibility endo-1,4-β-xylanase lignocellulosic biomass sorghum

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Biomass Conversion
Plant Science

Background:

Lignocellulosic biomass is a key renewable feedstock for biofuels and biochemicals.
Hemicellulose, particularly xylan, presents a significant barrier to efficient biomass saccharification.
Overcoming xylan recalcitrance is crucial for unlocking the full potential of lignocellulosic resources.

Purpose of the Study:

To engineer sweet sorghum for enhanced lignocellulose degradation.
To improve the efficiency of biofuel and biochemical production from biomass.
To investigate the role of vascular tissue-specific endo-1,4-β-xylanase expression in biomass processing.

Main Methods:

Biomass engineering in sweet sorghum.
Vascular tissue-specific expression of endo-1,4-β-xylanase.
Analysis of lignocellulosic saccharification efficiency.

Main Results:

Successful engineering of sweet sorghum with enhanced lignocellulose digestibility.
Demonstrated improvement in saccharification yields due to xylanase expression.
Validated the effectiveness of vascular tissue-specific gene expression for biomass modification.

Conclusions:

Vascular tissue-specific expression of endo-1,4-β-xylanase is an effective strategy to improve lignocellulosic biomass saccharification.
This biomass engineering approach offers a promising route to boost sustainable biofuel and biochemical production.
The findings contribute to advancing the bioeconomy through more efficient utilization of renewable resources.