High Triglyceride-Glucose Index Predicts Mortality in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction in Intensive Care Unit

Dysregulations of triglyceride and glucose metabolism contribute to cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the relationship between the triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index and the mortality rate of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients.

A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the MIMIC-IV database, covering AMI patients admitted to Laizhou People's Hospital between 2008 and 2023. The TyG index was calculated from laboratory test results, multivariate analyses adjusted for age, gender, comorbidities, and importantly, BMI categories and diabetes status, and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to evaluate its relationship with patient mortality.

The study included 1,123 patients, with a median TyG index of 9.3. Hospital, ICU, and all-cause mortality rates were 19.0%, 14.9%, and 52.0%, respectively. The survival group had a significantly lower TyG index than the non-survival group (9.2 vs. 9.4, p < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analyses indicated lower all-cause and hospital mortalities in patients with a low TyG index compared to those with a high TyG index. The TyG index was associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 1.884, 95% confidence interval 1.189 - 2.984, p = 0.007), even after adjusting for potential confounders.

The TyG index is a promising predictor of mortality and can aid in risk stratification for AMI patients in the ICU, highlighting its potential utility in clinical management.