Positive Changes in Functional Capacity, Muscle Strength and Body Composition after Short Time of Resistance Training
Luhan Ammy Andrade Picanço1, Ewertton De Souza Bezerra1,2, Ericles De Paiva Vieira3
1Federal University of Amazonas, Graduate Program in Health Sciences - Medical School, Manaus City, Amazonas State, Brazil.
Abstract:
We investigated the effects of a new approach with mixed session periodization resistance training (MSP) on functional performance, muscular strength, and body composition in older women. Twenty-one participants were tested before and after the intervention (10 weeks) and were allocated for convenience into two groups according to their available time; our schedule made two classes available, one at 6 a.m. (MSP), and one at 7 a.m. (active group-control). Results were analyzed through a mixed-model analysis with repeated measures. There was a group vs. time interaction for timed up and go (p < 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.478; MSP: pre = 8.2 ± 1.3s, post = 7.1 ± 1.1 s; CON: pre = 7.8 ± 1.2s, post = 7.6 ± 1.1 s), stair ascent (p = 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.478; MSP: pre = 12.5 ± 2.1s, post = 10.8 ± 1.9s; CON: pre = 12.3 ± 2.0s, post = 12.1 ± 1.8s), and stair descent tests (p < 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.579; MSP: pre = 13.2 ± 2.3s, post = 11.4 ± 2.0s; CON: pre = 12.9 ± 2.2s, post = 12.7 ± 2.1s). There was also a group vs. time interaction for concentric knee extension (p = 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.465; MSP: pre = 120.5 ± 18.7 Nm, post = 135.6 ± 20.1 Nm; CON: pre = 118.3 ± 17.9 Nm, post = 119.8 ± 18.2 Nm), and for bench press (p < 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.635; MSP: pre = 25.3 ± 4.5 kg, post = 30.1 ± 5.0 kg; CON: pre = 24.8 ± 4.3 kg, post = 25.2 ± 4.4 kg), lat pulldown (p = 0.005, ηp 2 = 0.345; MSP: pre = 30.2 ± 5.1 kg, post = 35.0 ± 5.6 kg; CON: pre = 29.8 ± 5.0 kg, post = 30.1 ± 5.1 kg), deadlift (p < 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.606; MSP: pre = 45.6 ± 7.2 kg, post = 52.3 ± 7.8 kg; CON: pre = 44.9 ± 7.0 kg, post = 45.3 ± 7.1 kg), and squat (p < 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.694; MSP: pre = 40.5 ± 6.8 kg, post = 47.2 ± 7.5 kg; CON: pre = 39.8 ± 6.7 kg, post = 40.1 ± 6.8 kg). There were no significant changes in body fat percentage, absolute body fat, or lean mass. Our findings demonstrated that independently of sequence, the mixed session periodization model resulted in increased muscle strength and functional capacity in aging adults, but no significant changes in body composition were observed.
