Association between neuroticism and physical activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Area of Science:

• Psychology
• Behavioral Science
• Mental Health Research

Background:

• Neuroticism, characterized by emotional instability, is linked to physical activity.
• Understanding this relationship is key for mental health interventions.
• Mechanisms and strength of this association require further study.

Purpose of the Study:

• Systematically review research on neuroticism and physical activity.
• Analyze correlations, moderating factors, and bidirectional mechanisms.
• Provide insights for mental health strategies.

Main Methods:

• PRISMA-guided systematic review and meta-analysis.
• Searched major databases (2000-2024) for relevant studies.
• Included cross-sectional, longitudinal, and cohort designs; excluded specific populations and non-empirical works.

Main Results:

• 25 studies included; meta-analysis showed a significant negative correlation (r = -0.141) between physical activity and neuroticism.
• Higher physical activity associated with lower neuroticism.
• Neuroticism negatively impacts physical activity (β = -0.150); physical activity's effect on neuroticism was not significant (β = -0.113).

Conclusions:

• Confirms a significant negative association between physical activity and neuroticism.
• Physical activity may be a viable strategy for improving mental health.
• Further longitudinal/experimental studies and personalized interventions are needed.