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Updated: Jan 15, 2026

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PowderBot: An automated device for decision-making in crop breeding programs based on DNA extraction from seed

H Díaz1, E Macea1, R Escobar1

  • 1The Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, Apartado Aereo 7613, Cali, 763537, Colombia.

Hardwarex
|October 13, 2025
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Summary

PowderBot automates DNA extraction from seeds, accelerating crop breeding. This low-cost, open-source machine efficiently processes samples for genetic analysis without harming seed viability.

Keywords:
DNA analysisGenotypingMechatronicsPlant breeding

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Traditional DNA extraction from seeds is time-consuming and resource-intensive.
  • Automating this process is crucial for accelerating crop improvement programs.
  • Existing methods may impact seed viability, affecting breeding efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design, build, and evaluate PowderBot, an automated, low-cost DNA extraction system for ungerminated seeds.
  • To assess the efficiency and consistency of PowderBot for DNA extraction and subsequent genotyping.
  • To determine the impact of the sampling method on seed germination, quality, and viability.

Main Methods:

  • Developed PowderBot, an open-source machine that drills into seed cotyledons and transfers powdered samples to well-plates.
  • Validated the method for DNA extraction and genotyping using common beans and the bc-3 molecular marker.
  • Conducted germination and vigor tests on seeds processed by PowderBot.

Main Results:

  • PowderBot successfully automates DNA extraction from ungerminated seeds, reducing time and resources.
  • Consistent genotyping results were achieved across multiple trials, demonstrating method reliability.
  • Seed sampling by PowderBot did not significantly compromise germination rate, physiological quality, or viability.

Conclusions:

  • PowderBot is an effective and efficient tool for DNA extraction, suitable for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in crop breeding.
  • The automated system accelerates crop varietal improvement and contributes to more successful breeding programs.
  • The method is applicable to beans and potentially other crop species, offering a valuable resource for plant science research.