Improving ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Care Through the Bahrain Stent Save a Life (BaSSaL) Program: A
Haitham Amin1, Husam Noor2, Fuad Abdulqader1
1Interventional Cardiology, Mohammed Bin Khalifa Bin Salman Al Khalifa Specialist Cardiac Centre, Awali, BHR.
Insights
This study analyzed ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients in Bahrain, finding that improving access to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is crucial for reducing mortality and ischemic time.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
Background:
- ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains a leading cause of cardiovascular mortality worldwide.
- Timely reperfusion therapy, such as primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), is critical for improving outcomes in STEMI patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the clinical features of STEMI patients in Bahrain.
- To identify predictors of adverse cardiovascular events in this population.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of PPCI in reducing mortality and ischemic time.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, single-center study included 787 patients presenting with STEMI between January 2022 and December 2022.
- All patients underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).
- Patient outcomes were monitored for one year post-hospitalization.
Main Results:
- The study population comprised 787 patients, with a majority being male (91.5%) and a mean age of 56.6 years.
- Non-Bahraini patients constituted 62% of the cohort.
- In-hospital mortality was 4.2%, with a one-year mortality of 6.7%. Stent thrombosis occurred in 1.0% of patients.
Conclusions:
- Nationwide registries like the Bahrain Stent Save a Life (BaSSaL) project are vital for identifying implementation barriers for STEMI guidelines.
- Improving patient access to PPCI is essential for reducing total ischemic time and mortality.
- Adherence to target revascularization timelines can significantly improve STEMI patient survival.
Aim:
This study aimed to characterize the clinical features and predictors of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in Bahrain.
Methods:
Patients who presented with STEMI between January 2022 and December 2022 and underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) are included in this single-center prospective study. We monitored each patient for a year after their initial hospitalization.
Results:
Of the 787 patients in our study, 487 (62%) were not Bahraini. The majority of participants, 720 (91.5%), were men. The mean age was 56.6±10.88 years. Stent thrombosis occurred in eight patients (1.0%). During their hospitalization, 33 patients (4.2%) died. Fifty-three patients (6.7%) died within a year, including 20 patients (2.5%) who died during the follow-up after being discharged from the hospital.
Conclusion:
The establishment of nationwide quality control registries of successive STEMI patients, similar to the one we have with the Bahrain Stent Save a Life (BaSSaL) project, aids in pinpointing particular barriers to the implementation of guidelines and defining actions to guarantee that most STEMI patients may have lifesaving PPCI. Improving patient access to PPCI will reduce total ischemic time and mortality and help meet target revascularization timelines.
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