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Improving medication information systems utilizing a universal design framework.

Kate Li¹, Grayson Holt², Jeffrey Zabinski³

¹Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA.

|October 13, 2025

Summary

Universal Design (UD) can improve medication label clarity for all patients, addressing a significant gap in health literacy. Applying UD principles enhances medication safety and reduces healthcare inequity.

Keywords:

Health literacy Medication adherence Medication information Universal design

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Area of Science:

Health Communication
Human-Computer Interaction
Health Equity

Background:

A significant portion of U.S. adults struggle to interpret medication instructions, leading to potential health risks.
Incorrect medication dosage or timing can cause severe health complications.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the application of Universal Design (UD) principles in improving medication information systems.
To evaluate the effectiveness of UD in enhancing medication label comprehension and patient safety.

Main Methods:

The study proposes Universal Design (UD) as a framework to evaluate and enhance medication information systems.
An evaluative framework based on UD principles was applied to assess existing medication information tools.

Main Results:

UD identified strengths in perceptible information and flexibility in audio and digital formats.
Limitations were found in usability for individuals with low digital health literacy, and challenges with size, space, and physical effort for certain UD applications.
UD effectively highlights gaps in information access and guides more inclusive design.

Conclusions:

Universal Design (UD) principles can address healthcare inequity by creating safer and more reliable medication information systems.
Applying UD to medication information has the potential to significantly improve patient understanding and adherence.