[Eating Disorders during Pregnancy - An underestimated Challenge]

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Health
• Psychiatry
• Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

• Eating disorders affect approximately 4.3% of pregnant women, with a higher risk for those with a history of these conditions.
• Pregnancy and postpartum involve significant physical, hormonal, and psychosocial changes, increasing vulnerability to eating disorder onset, exacerbation, or recurrence.
• Concerns about body image, weight gain, and postpartum body shape restoration are key risk factors throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the risks and complications associated with eating disorders in pregnant women.
• To emphasize the impact of eating disorders on maternal health and pregnancy outcomes.
• To advocate for sensitive and direct therapeutic approaches to address eating disorders in pregnant populations.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of existing research on eating disorders in pregnancy.
• Analysis of the impact of eating disorders on reproductive health and pregnancy complications.
• Discussion of therapeutic challenges and recommendations for healthcare providers.

Main Results:

• Eating disorders can cause menstrual irregularities and infertility, and are linked to increased risks of pregnancy complications like premature birth, miscarriage, anemia, and hyperemesis gravidarum.
• The specific risks vary depending on the type of eating disorder.
• Stigma and shame surrounding eating disorders act as significant barriers to seeking and receiving therapeutic help.

Conclusions:

• Pregnant women with eating disorders face elevated risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
• A sensitive, non-stigmatizing, and direct approach by therapists is essential for early detection and support.
• Addressing eating disorders proactively is vital for improving maternal and infant health outcomes.