A hybrid phase-synchronization framework for rotary motors: Discrete dynamics in ATP synthase and continuous dynamics in the bacterial flagellar motor
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.ATP synthase, a molecular motor, maintains stable synchronization despite mismatched rotors. A new hybrid model explains this by viewing the elastic stalk as a torsional filter, unifying motor dynamics.
Area Of Science
- Biophysics
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background
- ATP synthase operates as a dual-rotor molecular motor with distinct F0 and F1 units.
- The F1 motor exhibits near 100% chemomechanical efficiency despite asymmetric rotor stepping.
Purpose Of The Study
- To explain how ATP synthase maintains stable phase synchronization despite symmetry mismatch.
- To model ATP synthase dynamics using a hybrid synchronization approach.
Main Methods
- Modeling ATP synthase as a driven oscillator system with an elastic stalk acting as a torsional filter.
- Developing a hybrid synchronization model integrating continuous and discrete dynamics.
- Analyzing torsional energy-dependent mixing parameter for regime interpolation.
Main Results
- The hybrid model successfully reproduces stable synchronization, intermittent slip events, and recovery dynamics under varying loads.
- The model unifies descriptions of ATP synthase and bacterial flagellar motors.
- Elastic energy's role in interpolating between continuous and discrete dynamics is clarified.
Conclusions
- ATP synthase and bacterial flagellar motors utilize elastic filtering and energy-regulated regime interpolation for robust rotational coordination.
- The hybrid model offers testable predictions for biological rotary motor dynamics.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Related Concept Videos
ATP-driven pumps, also known as transport ATPases, are integral membrane proteins. They have binding sites for ATP located on the membrane's cytosolic side and the ion-conducting domain in the transmembrane region. These pumps use the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis to move the solutes across cell membranes against an electrochemical gradient.
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and...
In animals, the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase is the key protein that synthesizes ATP molecules through a complex catalytic mechanism. While the nuclear genome encodes the majority of ATP synthase subunits, the mitochondrial genome encodes some of the enzyme's most critical components. The formation of this multi-subunit enzyme is a complex multi-step process regulated at the level of transcription, translation, and assembly. Defects in one or more of these steps can result in decreased...
ATP synthase or ATPase is among the most conserved proteins found in bacteria, mammals, and plants. This enzyme can catalyze a forward reaction in response to the electrochemical gradient, producing ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. ATP synthase can also work in a reverse direction by hydrolyzing ATP and generating an electrochemical gradient. Different forms of ATP synthases have evolved special features to meet the specific demands of the cell. Based on their specific feature, ATP...
The P-type pumps are a large family of integral membrane transporter ATPases. They are divided into five major types based on substrate specificity, from I to V.
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of a few specialized eukaryotic cells, and some prokaryotes. They are also known as the V1Vo-ATPase, that couple ATP hydrolysis to transport protons against a concentration gradient.
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...