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Rising snowline altitudes across Southern Hemisphere glaciers from 2000 to 2023
Mia MacFee1, Jonathan L Carrivick2, Duncan J Quincey1
1School of Geography and water@leeds, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, West Yorkshire, England.
Scientific Reports
|October 13, 2025
Summary
Southern Hemisphere glaciers show rising snowlines, indicating warming. While most glaciers experienced this trend, some areas like the Antarctic Peninsula and Southern Andes saw declining snowlines, revealing complex climate impacts.
Area of Science:
- Glaciology
- Climate Science
- Remote Sensing
Background:
- Direct observations of Southern Hemisphere glacier dynamics are scarce.
- Glacier Equilibrium Line Altitudes (ELAs) reflect mass balance and are influenced by temperature and precipitation.
- End of summer snowline altitudes (SLAEOS) serve as a proxy for ELAs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in Southern Hemisphere glacier ELAs using SLAEOS.
- To investigate the spatio-temporal patterns of glacier response to climate change.
- To assess implications for future meltwater production and ice loss.
Main Methods:
- Utilized remote sensing data from 2000-2023 for 6364 glaciers across five Southern Hemisphere mountain regions.
- Calculated SLAEOS to approximate glacier ELAs.
- Analyzed trends and rates of change in SLAEOS, including comparisons of pre- and post-2010 periods.
Main Results:
- The majority of studied glaciers exhibited increasing SLAEOS, with rates up to 7.18 m yr-1.
- Predominantly positive SLAEOS anomalies were observed across all regions.
- Accelerated SLAEOS rise was noted in New Zealand's Southern Alps, while the Antarctic Peninsula and Southern Andes showed declining SLAEOS.
Conclusions:
- Spatio-temporal patterns of SLAEOS highlight the complex interplay of temperature and precipitation on diverse glacier types.
- Findings provide insights into glacier response times and committed ice loss.
- Results inform projections of future meltwater production in the Southern Hemisphere.
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