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Tree canopy cover and injurious pedestrian falls: a location-based case-control study.

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Area of Science:

  • Urban planning
  • Environmental health
  • Public health

Background:

  • Injurious pedestrian falls are a significant public health issue in the US, with limited research on prevention.
  • Street trees can cause sidewalk damage, increasing fall risk, but tree canopy may mitigate falls by reducing heat.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To pilot the use of emergency medical services (EMS) data for a multi-city, location-based case-control study.
  • To investigate the association between tree canopy cover and the locations of injurious pedestrian falls.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study design using EMS data from April to September 2019.
  • Identified 497 pedestrian fall locations (cases) and 994 matched control locations.
  • Quantified percent tree canopy cover within a 100-m buffer of each location.

Main Results:

  • Median tree canopy cover was lower at fall locations (8%) compared to control locations (14%).
  • Increased tree canopy cover was inversely associated with pedestrian fall locations (adjusted OR=0.57).

Conclusions:

  • Higher tree canopy cover is associated with a reduced risk of injurious pedestrian falls.
  • EMS data can be utilized for location-based epidemiological studies on fall prevention.
  • Further research is needed to address methodological challenges in using EMS data for fall research.