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All Solid State Battery with Soft Carbon-TiSi2 Multilayer Structure for Optimized LiSi Anodes.

Qian Li1,2, WeiTao He3,4, MuChun Li3,4

  • 1Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies, Liyang, Jiangsu, 213300, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
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A novel three-layer anode (Si-TiSi2-LPSCl/soft carbon/Li) enhances all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) by preventing lithium dendrites and capacity fading. This design enables ultra-long cycling life and high energy density for next-generation ASSBs.

Keywords:
Si anodeSi‐Ti alloyall‐solid‐state batterymulti‐layer structure

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Lithium metal and silicon anodes are crucial for high-energy-density all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs).
  • Lithium dendrite growth and silicon volume expansion cause short-circuiting and capacity fading, hindering ASSB applications.
  • Advanced anode designs are needed to overcome these limitations in ASSBs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and investigate a novel three-layer structured anode for ASSBs.
  • To address challenges of lithium dendrite growth and silicon volume expansion in ASSBs.
  • To enhance the electrochemical performance and cycle life of ASSBs.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a Si-TiSi2-LPSCl/soft carbon/Li (ST5-SC-Li) three-layer structured anode.
  • Utilizing TiSi2 for rigid support and LPSCl for plastic deformation to manage silicon expansion.
  • Constructing an ion-electron dual network for enhanced conductivity and ion transport.
  • Incorporating a soft carbon (SC) layer to absorb stress and inhibit dendrite penetration.
  • Employing a Li metal layer for dynamic compensation of irreversible capacity loss.

Main Results:

  • The ST5-SC-Li anode effectively restricts anisotropic silicon expansion and mitigates volume changes.
  • A continuous ionic channel and ion-electron dual network were formed, improving conductivity.
  • The soft carbon layer successfully absorbed expansion stress and inhibited dendrite penetration.
  • LCO/LPSCl/ST5-SC-Li ASSBs demonstrated an ultra-long cycle life of 64,000 cycles at 10C with >100% capacity retention.
  • A high reversible areal capacity of 19.6 mAh cm-2 was achieved at 0.1C under high loading.

Conclusions:

  • The developed three-layer structured anode significantly enhances the stability and performance of ASSBs.
  • The multi-layer design effectively suppresses lithium dendrites and silicon volume expansion.
  • This anode architecture offers a promising pathway for realizing high-energy-density and long-lasting ASSBs.