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Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
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Priority research questions in microbiome-integrated urban design.

Richard Beckett1, Lorraine Archer2, Alexia Barrable3

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Urban ecosystems can be enhanced by integrating microbiomes, the communities of microorganisms vital for city health and sustainability. This research identifies key questions for advancing microbiome-informed urban design and policy.

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Area of Science:

  • Urban ecology
  • Microbiome science
  • Sustainable urban development

Background:

  • Rapid urbanization presents challenges for sustainable urban ecosystems and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
  • Microbiomes are crucial for ecosystem functions like nutrient cycling and climate regulation, but are underutilized in urban design, often limited to disease control.
  • Microbiome-integrated urban design offers a novel multispecies framework to improve urban health and resilience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify critical research gaps and priority questions for integrating microbiome science into urban design.
  • To foster interdisciplinary collaboration among experts in ecology, architecture, urban planning, immunology, and social sciences.
  • To advance the field of microbiome-integrated urban design for more resilient and equitable cities.

Main Methods:

  • Convened a global interdisciplinary workshop by the Probiotic Cities Working Group.
  • Utilized reverse brainstorming and thematic analysis to identify core themes.
  • Employed a modified Delphi technique to generate and rank 40 priority research questions, followed by binomial concordance analysis.

Main Results:

  • Identified eight core themes and 40 priority research questions related to microbiome-integrated urban design.
  • Revealed strong consensus on top-ranked questions concerning science communication, success metrics, and evidence-based interventions.
  • Highlighted the need for policy, pollution prevention, interdisciplinary collaboration, experimental design, ethics, and public perception.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing priority research questions is essential for advancing microbiome science in urban contexts.
  • Integrating microbiomes into urban design can significantly enhance urban health, resilience, and sustainability.
  • This work provides a roadmap for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners to foster a transformative agenda for future cities.