Adoption and implementation of robotic surgery in Türkiye: a multi-level qualitative analysis of individual,...

This study aims to offer a multilayered assessment of the adoption and implementation of robotic surgery (RS) in Türkiye by centring surgeons' individual experiences while concurrently examining institutional conditions and broader health-system factors. Using a qualitative design, we conducted in-depth interviews with 24 surgeons selected via criterion sampling. The data were analyzed using an interpretative phenomenological approach and coded through thematic analysis. The findings indicate that the interplay between individual motivations, institutional capacity/regulations, and system-level incentives and constraints influences the use of RS. RS emerges both as a technical innovation and as a reconfiguration of professional practice. Effective and equitable integration will require standardized and scalable training-accreditation pathways, sustainable financing and reimbursement models, and strengthened ethical and transparent governance mechanisms.