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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Connective Tissues01:20

Embryonic Connective Tissues

During early development, the embryo forms two types of connective tissues— the mesenchyme and mucoid connective tissue.
The mesenchyme is the first connective tissue that emerges in the developing embryo. It consists of loosely arranged multipotent mesenchymal cells and reticular fibers in the extracellular matrix. This loose arrangement allows easy migration of cells, which is essential for germ layer positioning, patterning, and organ morphogenesis during embryonic development. Mesenchyme is...

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Three-dimensionally decellularized human amniotic membrane scaffold: structure, processing, and biological

Banafsheh Heidari1, Soroush Shams1, Nazanin Akbari2

  • 1Department of Photo Healing and Regeneration, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.

Cell and Tissue Banking
|October 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study successfully recellularized decellularized human amniotic membrane (dHAM) with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) using a novel 3D technique. This enhances the scaffold

Keywords:
3D cell cultureAmniotic membraneScaffoldStem cellsTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Human amniotic membrane (HAM) is a promising biological scaffold for tissue engineering.
  • Decellularization of HAM (dHAM) is crucial for reducing immune rejection but can diminish its regenerative capacity.
  • Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) offer significant regenerative potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the recellularization of dHAM with AdMSCs using a novel 3D seeding technique.
  • To evaluate the viability, differentiation potential, and morphology of AdMSCs within the dHAM scaffold.
  • To assess the potential of this enhanced scaffold for tissue repair and wound healing.

Main Methods:

  • Decellularized human amniotic membrane (dHAM) scaffolds were recellularized with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) via a novel 3D seeding method.
  • AdMSC viability, morphology, and differentiation potential were assessed in both 2D and 3D culture systems.
  • Flow cytometry and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) were used for analysis.

Main Results:

  • AdMSC viability was maintained in dHAM scaffolds regardless of 2D or 3D culture, indicating scaffold biocompatibility.
  • AdMSCs retained their multilineage differentiation potential (osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic) within the dHAM.
  • FESEM confirmed AdMSC attachment, morphology, and penetration up to 17.68 µm into the dHAM matrix.

Conclusions:

  • The novel 3D recellularization of dHAM with AdMSCs successfully enhances scaffold bioactivity.
  • This approach demonstrates the potential of dHAM as a viable scaffold for stem cell delivery in regenerative medicine.
  • The enhanced dHAM constructs show promise for improving tissue repair and wound healing applications.