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How Do We Address Racial Disparities in Sports Cardiology?

Deen L Garba1, Evans Osuji1, Kellen Knowles1

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Black athletes face higher cardiovascular risks due to social inequities, not biology. A race-conscious approach improves cardiac care and reduces misdiagnosis for equitable outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Cardiology
  • Health Disparities
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Black individuals experience disproportionate cardiovascular disease burden in the US.
  • Structural racism, socioeconomic inequality, and environmental injustice exacerbate these disparities.
  • Black athletes face increased risk of cardiac events and ECG misclassification, leading to sport disqualification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze cardiovascular disease disparities in Black athletes.
  • To critique current diagnostic standards for systemic bias.
  • To propose a race-conscious approach for equitable sports cardiology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cardiovascular disease in Black populations and athletes.
  • Analysis of the impact of social determinants of health on cardiovascular risk.
  • Examination of current diagnostic criteria and their biases.

Main Results:

  • Traditional risk factors and structural inequities contribute to higher cardiovascular mortality in Black individuals.
  • Current diagnostic standards may perpetuate bias and lead to inappropriate disqualification of Black athletes.
  • A race-conscious approach can improve risk stratification and clinical decision-making.

Conclusions:

  • Shifting focus from race as a biological construct to a proxy for structural inequities is crucial.
  • Implementing inclusive diagnostic ranges and equitable care can reduce disparities.
  • Sports cardiology must adopt a prevention-focused model for equitable cardiovascular outcomes in all athletes.