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Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
Published on: February 4, 2017
Polarimetric interferometer with attosecond stability for time-resolved pump-probe photoemission microscopy
Alexander Neuhaus1, David Janoschka1, Yannik Paul1
1Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration, Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany.
Abstract:
A phase-stabilized Mach-Zehnder interferometer with independent polarization control for each of the pump and probe beams has been implemented for time-resolved pump-probe photoemission electron microscopy. The interferometer is actively phase-stabilized and achieves high temporal stability as confirmed by tracking the position of surface plasmon polariton wave packets in time-resolved measurements. The experimental characterization of achievable polarization states shows that 99.8% of the Poincaré sphere is accessible in the photoemission microscope. Precise calibration and correction of polarization-dependent delay deviations with sub-femtosecond accuracy is achieved using spectral interferometry. The performance of the interferometer is demonstrated by reconstructing the complete electric field vectors of a plasmonic vortex carrying an orbital angular momentum of J=1. The implemented setup enables reliable, ultrafast, and polarization-resolved imaging of plasmonic fields, providing direct access to vector field dynamics with sub-optical-cycle temporal resolution.
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