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Human Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
1Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Chemistry Section, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50121 Florence, Italy.
Abstract:
Humans encode 15 isoforms of the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1), which catalyzes the interconversion between CO2 and bicarbonate and is involved in a multitude of physiological/pathological processes. CA inhibitors are in clinical use as diuretics, anti-glaucoma drugs, anti-epileptics, and anti-obesity agents. Novel applications as anti-tumor/anti-metastatic agents, or for the management of cerebral ischemia, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurodegenerative conditions, are discussed for the more than 45 chemotypes with inhibitory properties against these enzymes.
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