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Ocular malformations in human fetuses with external malformations.

T Amemiya, H Nishimura

    Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology
    |May 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Ocular malformations occurred in 30% of fetuses with nonocular defects. Potential causes include maternal drug use, illness, or reproductive organ issues during pregnancy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Biology
    • Ophthalmology
    • Teratology

    Background:

    • Congenital ocular malformations represent a significant challenge in pediatric ophthalmology.
    • Understanding the etiology of these malformations is crucial for early diagnosis and intervention.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence and types of ocular malformations in human fetuses with nonocular external defects.
    • To explore potential associations between ocular malformations and other developmental anomalies or suspected environmental factors.

    Main Methods:

    • Macroscopic and stereomicroscopic examination of 60 human fetuses with nonocular external malformations.
    • Detailed documentation of ocular and other external/internal malformations.

    Main Results:

    • Ocular malformations were observed in 18 fetuses (30%), including approximated eyes, microphthalmia, microcornea, corneal opacity, transparent sclera, and antimongoloid palpebral fissure obliquity.
    • Asymmetric recti muscle insertion sites were noted in 20% of fetuses.
    • Fetuses with central nervous system malformations had a 37.5% rate of ocular malformations.

    Conclusions:

    • No definitive causes for the observed ocular malformations were identified.
    • Maternal factors such as drug use (hormones, sedatives, antipyretics), systemic diseases (influenza), and reproductive organ dysfunction are potential contributors to fetal malformations.

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