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Vascular Trauma to the Extremities in the Pediatric Population: A Concise Review

Laura Plasencia1, Melanie Stroud, Christine Perlick

  • 1Author Affiliations: Trauma Services, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota ( Plasencia ); Trauma and Hospital Outreach Programs, Stanford Children's, Stanford, California (Stroud); Trauma Program, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Perlick); Children's Surgery, Trauma, and Injury Prevention Programs, Phoenix Children's, Phoenix, Arizona (Nickoles); Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut (Roney); and Yale New Haven Children's Hospital, Bridgeport, Connecticut (Roney).

Journal of Trauma Nursing : the Official Journal of the Society of Trauma Nurses
|October 15, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric extremity vascular trauma is rare and challenging to manage due to children's unique anatomy. Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach are crucial for effective treatment of these vascular injuries.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric vascular surgery
  • Trauma care
  • Vascular injury management

Background:

  • Pediatric extremity vascular injuries are uncommon, presenting diagnostic and treatment challenges due to children's unique physiology.
  • Lack of national guidelines complicates the care of pediatric patients with these specific injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and mechanisms of pediatric extremity vascular trauma.
  • To summarize current management strategies for these injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of English-language publications in PubMed and CINAHL.
  • Prioritization of studies from 2014 to present, including earlier seminal papers and retrospective/case studies.
  • Manual data extraction by pediatric trauma experts using defined criteria.

Main Results:

  • A total of 29 papers were reviewed by a panel of pediatric trauma experts.
  • Evidence-based methodology and literature summaries were sought.
  • Key themes highlighted the rarity of these injuries and the need for a multidisciplinary approach.

Conclusions:

  • A high index of suspicion is essential for early diagnosis and prompt management of pediatric extremity vascular injuries.
  • Effective treatment necessitates a multidisciplinary approach tailored to pediatric patients.
  • There is a clear need for evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis and treatment.
Abstract

Keywords:
Lower extremity Vascular injuryPediatric vascular traumaUpper extremity vascular injuryvascular injury

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