[Characterization and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil of Mine Area in the Yunnan and Guizhou Area]

To analyze the problem of heavy metal pollution in mining areas in the Yunnan and Guizhou regions， data on heavy metal contents in mining soil were collected from 284 literature studies conducted in the Yunnan and Guizhou regions. The contents of Pb， Cu， Mn， Zn， Cr， As， Cd， Hg， Sb， and Ni in the soil were analyzed statistically， and their local accumulation indices were calculated. The distribution characteristics of the heavy metal pollution in soil of different types of mining areas were analyzed， and the ecological and health risks of the heavy metal pollution were evaluated. The results showed that the soil in the study area was polluted to varying degrees by Pb， Cu， Cr， As， Cd， Hg， Sb， and Ni. The land accumulation index values of Cd and Hg were generally high in the various regions， exceeding 3 in most areas and reaching the level of strong pollution or above. The median ground accumulation index of lead-zinc mines was the highest， reaching 3.00， whereas the ground accumulation index of mercury at mercury mines was 7.80， indicating extremely strong pollution. The third level ecological risk assessment found that Cd， Hg， and As have the highest ecological risks. In addition， the RI values of the Red River and Nu River in Yunnan， as well as Guiyang and Bijie in Guizhou， exceeded 300， indicating strong pollution. Cr and As show a high non-carcinogenic risk， Cu and As have a high carcinogenic risk， and other heavy metals also pose certain risks to human health. In summary， the issue of heavy metal pollution and the risk in the soil of mining areas in the Yunnan and Guizhou regions should be given attention， and further research on risk control technologies for heavy metals in mining area soil should be conducted.