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The relationship between estrogen and renin angiotensin system components in the context of hypertension

Samira Choopani1,2, Mehdi Nematbakhsh3

  • 1Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Hypertension Research : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension
|October 15, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Estrogen, particularly estradiol, may protect against hypertension by influencing the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). This review explores how estrogen impacts RAS components, contributing to sex differences in blood pressure regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), stroke, and kidney disease.
  • The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) critically regulates blood pressure (BP) and is implicated in hypertension development.
  • Sex disparities in hypertension are observed, suggesting hormonal influences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between estrogen and RAS components in hypertension.
  • To understand how estradiol influences BP regulation through the RAS.
  • To investigate the basis for sex differences in hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on estrogen's effects on RAS.
  • Analysis of studies examining estradiol's impact on BP regulation.
  • Exploration of sex-based differences in hypertensive models.

Main Results:

  • Estradiol may exert protective cardiovascular and renal effects.
  • Estrogen influences RAS components, including substrates, enzymes, and receptors.
  • These interactions contribute to sex disparities in hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • Estrogen plays a role in modulating BP via the RAS.
  • Understanding estrogen-RAS interactions is key to addressing sex differences in hypertension.
  • Further research into these mechanisms could reveal novel therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
EstrogenHypertensionRenin-angiotensin systemSex differences

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