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Digital Strategies for Recruitment to Improve Diversity and Inclusion in Prospective Cardiovascular Clinical Research
Sneha S Jain1, Fatima Rodriguez2, Marco V Perez2,3
1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 870 Quarry Rd, Falk Building, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. snehashahjain@stanford.edu.
Introduction:
Cardiovascular trials often underrepresent non-White participants, women, and older individuals.
Methods:
We evaluated the impact of digital recruitment on improving diversity in two large prospective cardiovascular studies: the Apple Heart Study (AHS) and the Project Baseline Health Study (PBHS). While both leveraged digital tools, their strategies differed-AHS used a passive, app-based approach followed by a direct-to-participant outreach effort, while PBHS implemented an enrollment model to reach a prespecified diversity goal.
Results:
While both methods led to a cohort of participants who were comparably aligned with the US Census, we found that intentional, goal-driven digital outreach, and participant selection targeting demographic representation improved inclusion of historically underrepresented groups.
Conclusions:
These findings suggest that digital tools, when paired with intentional strategy, may help support more inclusive, representative cardiovascular research.
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