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Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Alexithymia: A Systematic Review
Emanuele Maria Merlo1, Liam Alexander MacKenzie Myles2, Orlando Silvestro3
1Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 16, 2025
Summary
Alexithymia impacts type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management, affecting weight, glycemic control, and mental health. Further research is needed to develop targeted interventions for T1DM patients with alexithymia.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Psychiatry
- Clinical Psychology
Background:
- Alexithymia is linked to adverse outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Limited evidence exists on alexithymia's role in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and explore the relationship between alexithymia and T1DM.
- To synthesize current evidence on alexithymia's impact on T1DM management.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review conducted in June 2025 following PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases using keywords 'Alexithymia' and ('Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus' OR 'T1DM').
- NIH Study Quality Assessment Tool used for methodological quality evaluation.
Main Results:
- Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria.
- Alexithymia associated with weight/obesity, glycemic control, and psychopathological symptoms in T1DM.
- Alexithymia predicts adverse outcomes in T1DM self-management.
Conclusions:
- Alexithymia significantly impacts T1DM management.
- Further research with larger samples and longitudinal designs is recommended.
- Need for targeted psychological assessment, interventions, and improved care strategies for T1DM patients with alexithymia.
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