Clinicopathological Characteristics and Synchronous Lesions in Colorectal Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective...

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Oncology
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents a significant global health challenge with increasing incidence.
• Early detection through colonoscopy and polyp identification are vital for CRC prevention and improved patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the epidemiology, anatomical distribution, morphology, and histopathology of CRC.
• To analyze the association between CRC and synchronous colorectal polyps.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective analysis of 1973 patients undergoing colonoscopy was conducted.
• Data included patient demographics, lesion characteristics, and histological findings.
• Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 11.0.

Main Results:

• CRC was diagnosed in 3.95% of patients, with a mean age of 65.1 years and male predominance.
• The rectum and sigmoid colon were the most common tumor locations.
• Adenocarcinoma was the predominant histological type (93.59%).
• Synchronous polyps, mostly adenomas, were found in 47.43% of CRC cases, often in the same segment as the tumor.

Conclusions:

• CRC is more prevalent in older males, typically located in the rectosigmoid area.
• Adenocarcinoma is the most frequent histological diagnosis.
• The high prevalence of synchronous adenomas emphasizes the critical role of complete colonoscopy in CRC prevention and early detection.