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RNAscope for In situ Detection of Transcriptionally Active Human Papillomavirus in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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Epigenetic Biomarkers for Cervical Cancer Progression: A Scoping Review.

Efthymios Ladoukakis¹, Gracia Andriamiadana², Fatema Hajizadah³

¹Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|October 16, 2025

Summary

This review explores epigenetic biomarkers beyond DNA methylation for cervical cancer. It highlights histone modifications, non-coding RNAs, and repetitive elements as promising avenues for improved detection and management.

Keywords:

biomarkers cervical cancer circRNA epigenomics histone modifications lncRNA miRNA mtDNA piRNA repetitive elements transposable elements

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Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Gastrointestinal Cancer

Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Gastrointestinal Cancer

Published on: September 18, 2020

Area of Science:

Epigenetics
Oncology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Cervical cancer is a significant global health issue, particularly in low-resource settings.
Existing HPV vaccines have not eradicated the disease, necessitating novel detection and treatment strategies.
Traditional focus on nuclear DNA methylation as a biomarker overlooks other epigenetic mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To conduct a scoping review of underexplored epigenetic biomarkers for cervical cancer.
To shift focus beyond global nuclear DNA methylation to other epigenetic modifications.
To identify potential biomarkers for early detection and personalized management.

Main Methods:

Literature search using Google Scholar and Publish or Perish software.
Inclusion of studies published up to January 2025.
Focus on mitochondrial DNA, non-coding RNA, histone modifications, and repetitive elements.

Main Results:

Mitochondrial DNA methylation shows limited evidence as a biomarker.
Histone modifications are consistently linked to cervical cancer development and progression.
Aberrant expression of lncRNAs, circRNAs, miRNAs, and piRNAs correlates with poor prognosis.
Hypomethylation of repetitive elements (LINE-1, Alu) contributes to genomic instability and tumorigenesis.

Conclusions:

Alternative epigenetic mechanisms offer promising biomarker potential for cervical cancer.
Expanding biomarker discovery beyond nuclear DNA methylation is crucial.
Understanding these epigenetic alterations can enhance early detection and personalized treatment strategies.